American States With the Highest Teenage Abortion Rates

American States With the Highest Teenage Abortion Rates In a country where premature birth stays legitimate notwithstanding progressing lawful and authoritative discussion, which states have the most elevated paces of adolescent fetus removal? A 2010 report by the Guttmacher Institute incorporated high school pregnancy and fetus removal insights in the United States. These state by state measurements show an emotional lessening in certain states while others climbed a little on the rundown. In any case, all in all, the U.S. young pregnancy and fetus removal rates have declined significantly as of late. 10 States With the Highest Teen Abortion Rates The accessible 2010 information for premature births among ladies matured 15 to 19 is positioned by state. The rate mirrors the quantity of premature births per thousand ladies in this age run.  Rank State Fetus removal Rate 1 New York 32 2 Delaware 28 3 New Jersey 24 4 Hawaii 23 5 Maryland 22 6 Connecticut 20 7 Nevada 20 8 California 19 9 Florida 19 10 The Frozen North 17 Increasingly Teen Pregnancy Statistics and Analysis Generally, of the 614,410 adolescent pregnancies detailed in the U.S. during 2010, 157,450 finished in fetus removal and 89,280 in unnatural birth cycle. From 1988 to 2010, the fetus removal rate for teenagers dropped in each state with many seeing a 50 percent decrease or more. In 2010, 23 states detailed a premature birth rate in the single digits. Its additionally imperative to take note of that most of pregnancies and premature births include 18-and 19-year-elderly people ladies. The District of Columbia is the main spot in the report with more premature births announced in the 15 to 17 territory than in the more seasoned gathering. However, D.C. doesn't include in state rankings. The states with the most minimal premature birth rates in 2010 were South Dakota, Kansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Utah, Arkansas, Mississippi, Nebraska, and Texas. Each revealed that less than 15 percent of high schooler pregnancies finished in fetus removal. Notwithstanding, that doesn't represent state inhabitants who looked for a fetus removal in neighboring states. Just three of the states above position in the best ten states with the most noteworthy high school pregnancy paces of young ladies age 15 to 19. They are Nevada (positioned seventh with 68 pregnancies for every thousand); Delaware (positioned eighth with 67 pregnancies for every thousand); Hawaii (positioned tenth with 65 pregnancies for each thousand). The most noteworthy pregnancy rate in 2010 was in New Mexico, where 80 in each thousand teenagers got pregnant. This state positions fourteenth in the fetus removal rate. Mississippi had the most noteworthy high school birthrate, with 55 young ladies for each thousand. The Dramatic Decrease in Teenage Abortions As per this equivalent report, in 2010, the young pregnancy rate dropped to a multi year low (57.4 per thousand). It topped in 1990 at 51 percent or 116.9 young ladies for each thousand. This is a noteworthy diminishing that has not gone unnoticed.â In a 2014â report additionally by the Guttmacher Institute, a 32 percent decline was found in young premature births somewhere in the range of 2008 and 2014. This follows the 40 percent decrease in adolescent pregnancies over this equivalent period. There are numerous impacts that are refered to as causing this change. One is the way that less adolescents are engaging in sexual relations as a rule. Among those adolescents that do engage in sexual relations, there is an expanded use in some type of contraception. The expansion in sex training, just as social impacts, the media, and even the economy, are considered to have assumed a job also. Source U.S. High school Pregnancy Statistics National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity. 2010. Guttmacher Institute.

VIRTUAL WALKING TOUR ASSIGNMENT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

VIRTUAL WALKING TOUR ASSIGNMENT - Research Paper Example Moreover, he thinks about that the boulevards in Paris are smaller than those of American roads. As needs be, parking areas in Paris are based on the two sides of the avenues. He likewise finds that the boulevards in Paris are littler and not at all like enormous vehicles, for example, trucks that stumble into the lanes of America, the trucks in Paris are generally littler in size and are structured by the neighborhood culture and the widths of the avenues. Jim attempts to recognize the boulevards of Paris with that of American avenues. The locales over all the roads of Paris are joined by various little and large shops, for example, wine shops, meat shops, pork shops, bread shops, chocolate shops and numerous other various shops selling an assortment of fascinating items. He expresses that the structures nearby of the avenues are most extreme seven-storeyed. The most intriguing thing that I find is the size of structures along the boulevards. I find that practically all the structures were comparative in size, most of which were seven-storeyed. The assorted variety in the structures was prominent just at the ground floor of the structure while the remainder of every wa uniform with others. The widths of the structures were more noteworthy than the width of the road and were increasingly similar to landmarks (Latour and Herment). I think Paris has one of the world’s incredibly lovely urban scenes. The consistency in structures delineates the solidarity of individuals in Paris. Each building is one of a kind in itself. A building’s configuration doesn't delineate the predominance over different structures. Notwithstanding the roads being thin, there are only here and there traffic issues. The shops selling an assortment of staple items and other fascinating items to be sure offer individuals a wide decision. Additionally, the trees are planted close by of the boulevards, and parking areas give individuals cool shade throughout the late spring and help in controlling air contamination. Jim remarked that French individuals most likely make the best blend of convention and

20 Uncommon Marketing Strategies Thatll Kickstart Your Startup

20 Uncommon Marketing Strategies That’ll Kickstart Your Startup Starting a new company is no easy task. Unless you have really deep pockets, you need to quickly attract new users, new customers, new subscribers, or new sign ups, else your company won’t survive long enough to see its first birthday. Question is, how do you do it?Of course, there are some pretty obvious and pretty effective ways of getting people to know about your new company. For instance, you could just pay for your ad to air during the Super Bowl.The 2019 Super Bowl attracted a televised audience of over 98 million people, with many more watching the ads online.This is a great way to catch people’s attention, that is, if you have a $5 million marketing budget to spend on a 30 second Super Bowl ad.What if you don’t have the money to spend on such advertisements?Does this mean that there’s no hope for your new business?The good news is, you don’t have to outspend everyone else in order to get people to know about your new business and attract new customers.All you need to do is to get a little creative and take an unconventional approach to marketing, and you can achieve the same huge results while spending way less than the advertising giants.Below, let’s take a look at 20 unconventional marketing strategies that can lead to massive success for your startup while saving you tons of money.1. START WITH AN EXCLUSIVE BETAThere’s one funny thing about human nature.We want things that others can’t have. It makes us feel special and important, you know, like VIPs.You can take advantage of this characteristic of human nature to kick-start your startup by launching a beta version of your product that is only available or accessible to a select number of people.Doing this creates a sense of exclusivity around your product.A lot of people are interested in being the very first ones to use a new, awesome product.What’s more, this group with access to the beta version will get talking about the product, because doing so positions them as a special gr oup that gets special access to products before they get to everyone else.Therefore, this group of beta testers will be providing free marketing for your product.In addition, the rest of the people will be eager to be the first ones to sign up once you open up the product to the masses. This can lead to explosive growth within a very short time.Several startups used this strategy to attract their first users.For instance, during their early days, startups like PayPal, Pinterest, and Slack were invitation-only products, some with huge wait-lists of users who were eagerly waiting for a chance to try the products.This is a great strategy that any startup can use to promote its products, and the best part is that you don’t need money to apply this strategy.2. HOLD A CONTEST OR GIVEAWAYContests are another effective way of bringing exclusive growth to your startup.With contests, you are basically giving people a chance to win something in exchange for some action that is valuable to yo ur startup.This action could be something like signing up to your platform, using one of your product’s features, inviting someone to sign up, or even sharing a piece of marketing content â€" such as a promotional graphic or video â€" on social media.Some people view contests as an artificial way of attracting users. After all, someone may sign up to your product simply because they could possibly win something, not because they are actually interested in your product.However, if you have a great product, a great deal of those who signed up because they wanted to win could end up falling in love with your product and become long-term users.Many successful startups used this strategy to grow their user base during their early days.A great example is YouTube, which held a contest where they gave users who uploaded videos and invited their friends to the platform a chance to win an iPod Nano every day.This contest played a huge part in helping attract users to the video sharing platf orm.Below is a graphic showing the most popular social platforms for holding contests and giveaways: Source: EasypromosTo get you started, here are some awesome tools you can use to run contests on social media.3. SET UP A REFERRAL PROGRAMReferral marketing has two major advantages.First, it is a great way of quickly developing a huge following or user base for your product or service. Second, it helps build trust and credibility for your product or service, because it involves current users promoting your product to their friends and family.This is very important, because over 90% of people trust recommendations from their friends and family compared to any other form of advertising.In spite of this, it is surprising that a great deal of startups do not use referral programs as part of their marketing strategies. Source: AmbassadorAs the above graphic shows, a lot of customers are willing to give referrals, but most of them do not actually do it. So, how do you bridge this gap?The key to successful referral marketing is to give your customers an incentive to refer your company to their friends and family.You can do this by giving your customers something like a discount or a free gift for every referral.Several companies have used referral marketing with great results.A good example is Uber, which used its referral program to expand to more than 50 countries.The best part of referral programs is that you don’t have to build yours from scratch. With tools like Ambassador, you can easily set up a referral program without having to do any of the heavy lifting.4. PUBLISH A VIRAL EXPLAINER VIDEOViral marketing is all the rage nowadays, and this is because it is one of the most effective ways of quickly driving tons of traffic to your product.One of the best ways to take advantage of viral market ing is to create a viral explainer video of your product.To achieve viral status, there needs to be something humorous about your video.You want people to share the video because it is entertaining, but at the same time it should help people learn about your product.Below is a great example of such a video, created by Poo-Pourri. Without spending huge amounts on advertising, Poo-Pourri’s video was able to attract over 40 million views on YouTube, greatly helping the brand gain awareness and market share. 5. CREATE A CHALLENGE AROUND YOUR PRODUCTWe have already seen that viral marketing is a great way to get people to know about your company. Unfortunately, there is one problem.Sometimes, in a bid to create a viral piece of marketing content, your company’s message might get lost.If you put too much focus on your product, then people might not love the content.What if there was a way to get your products to go viral, and at the same time make sure the focus remains on your produc ts?Well, there is, and the solution is creating a challenge around your product.A good example is what Codecademy did with their 2012 learn to code challenge. Codecademy challenged people to learn how to code.Well, here’s the genius part â€" aside from challenging people to learn how to code, they also had the greatest platform for learning to code by yourself. They supplemented this with free weekly coding lessons for the entire year.The result is that in three hours of launching the challenge, they had over 16,000 new users. By the third day, they had over 100,000 new users. By the ninth week, the company had over 408,000 new users.You can replicated Codecademy’s success by identifying the exact problem that your product solves and creating a challenge around it. As people take up the challenge, they will definitely turn to your product to help them beat the challenge.6. APPEAR IN A MAJOR PUBLICATIONGetting featured in a major publication can do wonders for your startup.It hel ps drive tons of traffic to your business, a significant portion of which you can then convert into paying customers.Of course, in order to convert this traffic, you need to have a really awesome product.An example of a company that used this strategy to grow into a large brand is I Done This, a project management software. The company was featured in Lifehacker, leading to a spike in traffic, which they quickly converted into new users.The key to using this strategy is to build relationships with the large publications.Engage with the publication’s editors, share their content, and generally interact with them.Once the relationship has been established, you can reach out to them to help you feature your product on their publication.7. ATTEND TRADE SHOWSMany business owners and marketers do not know it, but focusing on offline promotion can also help kick-start your startup.One way of promoting your new business offline is by attending trade shows and industry related conferences where you get the chance to connect with influential people within your industry.A good example of a company that used this strategy to grow is Sidekiq.The Ruby community often holds live events and conferences to bring developers together and discuss the latest developments in programming.By attending such conferences and building relationships with other developers, Sidekiq founder Mike Perham was able to leverage these relationships to use the conferences to promote his company.What’s more, the developers who attend these conferences were his ideal customers.Taking advantage of this strategy helped Sidekiq grow to become a huge company.8. GIVE AWAY STICKERSThis is another offline strategy that is amazingly simple. With this strategy, you basically create stickers advertising your new company and distribute them to people or place them strategically in places they can be seen by a lot of people.A great example of a startup that used this strategy to grow their user base is Reddi t.After launching the community site, founder Alexis Ohanian printed stickers worth $500. Funny enough, this was the only money he spent on marketing his site.With his stickers ready, Alexis carried them along with him wherever he traveled and put the stickers on poles, signs, and other visible places, as well as handing out the stickers to random people on the street.This simple strategy helped build Reddit into the site it is today.9. GIVE OUT FREE TEE SHIRTSAnother amazingly simple but effective way of getting people to know about your new business is by printing branded tee shirts and giving them out to your customers.You can even use the tee shirts as gifts to customers, thereby killing two birds with one stone â€" promoting your business while at the same time giving customers an incentive to use your product.The good thing with giving out free tee shirts is that they turn whoever is wearing the tee shirt into walking billboards.Everywhere they go wearing your tee shirts, more people will learn about your new company.10.REACH OUT TO POSTERS ON FORUMSSince your product is still new in the market, one of the most effective ways of getting new users is to reach out to people who would be interested in your product.You can easily find such people on forums related to your product or service.Such people are highly likely to try out your product and recommend the product to others.This is exactly the approach Zapier used in its early days.The Zapier team started combing through relevant forums, checking for users who had made requests that went unanswered.They then reached out to these users and let them know that they created a product with the kind of features these users were looking for.Once these users tried out Zapier’s product, they loved it and started promoting Zapier on the forums, leading to massive growth.You can apply the same strategy by going through forums related to your product, identifying the unresolved pains people have, creating a great solution to these pains, and then promoting your solution to these people.11. REACH OUT TO SPECIFIC COMMUNITIESAnother great way of kick-starting your startup is to determine who your ideal customers are and then create content that is targeted at this group.For instance, this is what Dropbox did to grow its user base from 5000 to 75000 people.Dropbox simply created an awesome explainer videos targeted at the Digg community, complete with references to things only Digg users would understand.Predictably, the video went viral on Digg, leading to an explosion of new users for Dropbox.12. BECOME YOUR PRODUCT’S TOP USERWhen creating a product that relies heavily on user-generated content, there is one major problem. To attract a large user base, you need lots of content on your platform.However, to get lots of content on the platform, you need a large user base.So, how do you get enough content to attract more users, when you don’t have enough users to create this content?The solut ion to this problem is to become your product’s top user.This is what Quora founder Adam D’Angelo did to attract users to Quora. D’Angelo realized that for more people to come to Quora to find answers, there was need to show that the site already provided great answers to people’s questions.Therefore, in Quora’s early days, D’Angelo spent lots of time answering questions on Quora.This positioned Quora as a great platform for people to ask questions and get answers to their questions, thereby helping the platform attract more users.If you find yourself facing the same content versus users problem, you can use D’Angelo’s approach to create content for your platform, which will then help attract more users.13. OFFER GIFTS TO CUSTOMERSIt is common knowledge that offering gifts when a customer makes a purchase can help attract more customers. However, most businesses only do this during offers.What if you did this, not only during occasional offers, but all the time?Turns out, this can a great tactic for attracting lots of new customers to your new business, and this is exactly what Diamond Candles did.Diamond Candles offers a free $10 ring with every candle purchased from them.What’s more, there is a $100 ring among every 100 candles, a $1000 ring among every 1000 candles, and a $5000 ring among every 5000 rings.On the face of it, this seems like the perfect way to make a company go bankrupt. In actual sense, however, the company spends roughly $13 per ring per candle.At the same time, the candles are priced at almost double this amount or more.Taking into consideration the fact that they probably get the rings on a discount, they still make lots of money, while at the same time selling more products because of the gift ring included with each purchase.Similarly, if you are having a hard time attracting people to purchase your product, you can think of offering a free gift with every purchase.14. DISTRIBUTE BUMPER STICKERSPrinting and giving out bumper stickers is another amazingly simple way of promoting your business offline.This is exactly what The Penny Hoarder did to promote one of the most popular articles on the site â€" an article on how to get paid to buy beer.Instead of simply printing the article URL on bumper stickers, they paid for the domain iGetFreeBeer.com and printed it on bumper stickers.As you can probably tell, this is an interesting domain, and many people visited the site in an attempt to learn more about free beer.Here’s the twist â€" the domain redirected to the article on Penny Hoarder, resulting in tons of traffic on the article.You can use a similar tactic to drive people to your product.The key to success is to use a creative sticker that will catch people’s attention and drive them to want to know more about your product.15. OFFER CASH TO NEW CUSTOMERSI know this sounds outrageous, but take a minute to think about it.By paying for ads and other marketing strategies, you are already using mon ey to acquire new customers.Well, what if this money went directly to the new customers, instead of paying it out to third parties? Would that work?Yes, it would work, and some companies such as PayPal have already used this strategy to grow their user base. During its early days, PayPal offered $10 to every new customer.In addition, existing customers were given $10 for every referral.This translates to a customer acquisition cost of $20. Sure, this might have been a very expensive way of acquiring new customers, but it certainly worked for PayPal.If you are thinking of spending money to attract customers, why not spend this money directly on the customers?You don’t have to spend $20 per customer like PayPal, you just have to find a figure that you are comfortable with and one that will provide enough incentive for new customers or users.16. POACH USERS FROM A COMPETITORYou have probably never thought about this strategy, but you can actually kick-start your startups growth by po aching users or customers from your competitors.For this to work, you need to have a product that is significantly better or offers an advantage over whatever your competitors are offering.Airbnb is a great example of a startup that effectively used this strategy.Before Airbnb was launched, people used to post their places on Craigslist.Airbnb reached out to people posting their places on Craigslist and let them know that there was a new, better platform for advertising their places.This played a significant role in helping Airbnb get its first users.17. PARTNER WITH ANOTHER BRANDPartnering with another brand can also help bring attention to your startup.A great example is the Partnership between GoPro and Red Bull. While Red Bull sponsors extreme action events, GoPro provides the athletes and adventurers with tools to capture these events from the athlete’s perspective.Partnering with such a huge brand as Red Bull allowed GoPro to become the best known brand for capturing extreme action videos.It’s good to note, however, that the two brands are greatly aligned.Both are lifestyle brands that promote an extreme, adventurous, and action packed lifestyle.Therefore, before partnering with another brand, take time to choose a brand that is aligned with your brand so you don’t end up diluting your brand.18. USE YOUR PRODUCT TO PUSH A SOCIAL CAUSEUsing your product to push a social cause is a very creative and novel way of driving attention to your brand.This basically means that by simply using your product, users should be able to contribute to a greater purpose.A great example of this approach is what beer brand Antarctica did in Brazil. Revelers were allowed to exchange their beer cans for a free train ride.By so doing, Antarctica reduced littering within the city, while at the same time encouraging people to use public transport, instead of driving while drunk.Of course, this campaign brought huge press to the beer brand.19. GRAB NATIONAL HEADLINESIf you h ave the guts to do something crazy that will land you on national headlines, this can be the perfect way to get massive publicity without paying a dime.However, don’t go for the bad kind of crazy, since this will only lead to negative publicity, which you want to avoid at all costs, especially when your company is in its early stages.A good example of a company that used this strategy is Half.com, which convinced the city of Halfway in Oregon to rename itself and take the company’s name.In exchange, the city got free internet access, computers, and some of the company’s stock.You can bet this deal generated a lot of free publicity for Half.com.20. BOOK A FLASH MOBI left the most outrageous for last.A flash mob is basically a group of people, who are seemingly part of the crowd, but then suddenly come together to showcase a choreographed performance in public.These kinds of performances can create an enthralling spectacle that can quickly go viral online and help your company g ain lots of attention and traffic.A good example of the effective use of flash mobs is what Sears did while promoting their jeans giveaway. If you are wondering how to go about the process of setting up a flash mob to promote your startup, you can easily book a flash mob on sites like Book AFlashMob.com.Of course, for this strategy to be highly effective, the flash mob should have branding that is centered on your startup company or the product you are trying to sell.WRAPPING UPJust because you are a small startup without the advertising budget to compete with industry behemoths doesn’t mean that you cannot create marketing campaigns that to help your new company to quickly attract users, customers, or subscribers.The secret is to ditch conventional marketing strategies and go for uncommon but highly creative approaches.With the 20 strategies we have covered in this article, you will be able to attract tons of attention to your startup and your products and services without having to break the bank.Give them a try and let us know how it goes.

Should Gay Adoption Benefit Children Essay - 2105 Words

Gay Adoption Benefits Children Every single child deserve the chance to be part of a caring, nurturing family. Whether the family has a single mother, single father, or two parents. There are many opportunities for individuals to become the legal guardian (or guardians) of a child. Those opportunities, however, are not as easily accessed for gay and lesbian prospective parents as they are for straight people, and many times, these opportunities are completely prohibited by state laws. Recently, there has been a major boost in the amount of gay and lesbian couples hoping to adopt children in the United States. Ironically enough, there is also a critical shortage in the overall number of foster and adoptive parents. In order to solve the problem faced by thousands of children who are struggling without the guidance and love of a family, adoption laws must be more feasible, especially for homosexuals who are willing and capable parents. While it is obviously quite important for adoption requirements to be strict and specific, custody of these children should not be denied to someone who is capable simply due to their sexual orientation. This is for many reasons including that it is discriminatory, sexual preference does not affect one’s parenting ability, many gay and lesbian people foster wonderful parenting abilities from experience, and that there are thousands of children in need of adoption. Adoption has always been a challenge for gay and lesbian people wishing to startShow MoreRelatedGay Adoption And The United States1412 Words   |  6 Pages Gay parents! 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The legislation he planned to have made law before the end of 2014 was a bill that would allow gays and lesbians in Luxembourg to marry. The journey to this legislation was a long road, but with the

The Current Administration s Theory Of International...

Over the last several decades the United States of America has had the seat of leadership on the world stage. During this time different US Administrations have viewed the world through changing times and circumstances, and through the lens of several different theories of international relations. The current Administration’s foreign policy positions, articulated by the President himself during his recent West Point commencement address as well as the Administration’s self-described â€Å"pivot,† or â€Å"rebalance† to a larger focus on Asia, show a dominant reliance on the Liberalism theory of International Relations. This paper will analyze the current Administration’s Liberalism theory by looking at arguments put forth by the President during his speeches, explain the Administration’s assertions on the importance of international institutions, and describe how the â€Å"pivot† to Asia is good for the country. 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IPT Marketing Free Essays

As a consumer-focused company, It’s Popcorn Time! (IPT) will be joining the ranks of such organizations as Nike, Diageo/Guinness (a liquor distributor), AAA, and Ford Motor Company. What this means is simply that IPT will go forward with marketing strategies that are designed to serve the customers, anticipate their needs and deliver value through the distribution of a quality product. Through the use of segmenting, targeting, positioning, and differentiation, IPT will be utilizing the same strategies major corporations do and develop a plan which focuses on reaching its consumers. We will write a custom essay sample on IPT Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ford Motor Company rolled out a new consumer-focused marketing strategy in 2000 to allow them to interact with their customers. In doing so, they were able to determine the consumers’ expectations for the vehicles they purchased and follow up with them afterward to ensure their needs had been met when they purchased a Ford product. Nike used marketing strategies to identify key geographical areas which promised the greatest growth for the company, then divided the areas into segments in order to effectively target the new consumer bases. The first step is determining the boundaries of IPT’s market and then segmenting it. Currently IPT, enjoys a strong local consumer base which can be divided into retail and wholesale segments. As physical expansion occurs, market segments will need to be further differentiated with the inclusion of customers throughout the United States and Canada. In addition to this geographical segmentation, using psychographic criterion will identify further segments, such as those who are health-conscious. Targeting involves deciding which of our market segments are most beneficial to IPT’s bottom line and using appropriate marketing materials to reach this customer base. For example, IPT currently sells to wholesale accounts who purchase products at a reduced price but distribute them to a wider population. Consequently, the wholesale market will remain an important aspect of reaching future sales goals. Popcorn and pretzels can target the health-conscious segment by marketing their low fat, low sugar and low caloric composition. Positioning IPT in the market will consist of developing a distinctive brand image that focuses on the quality of its offerings. By focusing on the quality, variety, and uniqueness of products in addition to IPT’s superior customer service standards, IPT will create its position in the market to more effectively target market segments and reduce the threat of competition. What makes IPT different from other food products companies? It is the ease of ordering, which will be further enhanced by the creation of a point-of-sale website, the types of products, showcased by â€Å"Pennsylvania Dutch† treats, and the delivery of service which conforms to, or exceeds, customer expectation. IPT’s products are distinctive and tasty. They are not the cheapest nor most expensive on the market due to the quality ingredients used and this will differentiate IPT from other, more mainstream companies as well as â€Å"gourmet† foods distributors. As part of targeting, positioning and differentiation the following strategies will be employed: 1) Advertising – Develop an innovative campaign for introduction of new products and the expansion of the company’s core portfolio of pretzels and popcorn through advertising in traditional media as well as creation of the website. 2) Sales promotion – to include an aggressive sales blitz with managers handing out catalogs, coupons and samples. Marketing materials will be carefully developed to target both retail and wholesale segments. 3) Public relations – IPT must be visible in the community, particularly in those geographic areas which are new markets, through the use of local newspaper advertising, sponsorships and promotional events. 4) Customer Relationship Management – CRM practices will be instituted to retain existing clients as well as create a forum for testing the introduction of new products. Works Cited â€Å"Ford Motor Company Announces Consumer-Focused Organization for the 21st Century†. Ford Motor Company Press Releases. Retrieved January 15, 2008 â€Å"Nike Promotions Create Consumer-Focused Structure† (August, 2006). Display and Design Ideas. Retrieved January 15, 2008. Schewe, Charles D. â€Å"Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning – Cornerstones of Marketing Management†. University of Massachusetts. Retrieved January 15, 2008 How to cite IPT Marketing, Essay examples

Leadership Definition Essay Example For Students

Leadership Definition Essay Outline1 Leadership definition essay example 12 Leadership definition essay example 23 Leadership definition essay example 34 Leadership definition essay example 4 Leadership definition essay example 1 Leadership is  the process of organizing work in a group where a leader  is a person who is listened to and trusted. A leader can be either nominated (formal leader) or a selected group (informal leader). The latter has no authority; he is an equal participant in the group, to whose opinion the collective listens for one reason or another. The theory of leadership dates back to the 1920s when interest in management as a science began to appear for the first time. The first thing that the researchers drew attention to the thesis  was the possible existence of common traits of character among various well-known leaders in leadership paper. So there was a theory of features, or The theory of great people. Unfortunately, the theory was not successful. It turned out that it is very difficult to define  common features. Of course, there was a lot in common. Such features as high intelligence, a large amount of knowledge, a bright appearance, and self-confidence and so on. But it was not possible to create a general portrait of a captain. People who do not have the above qualities, too, were outstanding leaders. The next step of the researchers was the situational theory of leadership. According to her, being a leader  is generated by the current situation. Depending on the task, the leader can change. The leader can focus on solving the problem or on the relations within the team. F. Fiddler conducted a series of studies on this issue and revealed the dependence of the style of leadership on the situation in the team. If the team has a favorable situation, friendly relations and employees perceive the leader, he or she earns respect  and listen to it, an effective, task-oriented leader will be effective. He will be able to set precise tasks and be demanding. A well-coordinated team works faster. The same scheme works in an unfavorable situation, where the leader is not perceived, not respected. The leader, focused on solving the problem, will also be effective. Leadership definition essay example 2 In the modern lexicon of a person, representative of the business world, leadership is defined as the ability to inspire, and to arouse the desire to work. There is a legitimate question: Who? Of course, the same for their employees. But to understand the true meaning of leadership, we need to delve deeper into the essence of the word. One point that was established after the long-term studies of psychologists showed that any group of people thrown on a desert island, into a duel with wild animals, just on the field for the game, finds to itself and chooses a leader, each of them will obey, respect, support and carry out his tasks. And the choice of a leader does not depend on the level of intelligence and age of team members. To be a leader, a simple desire will not be enough: a person who expressed such a desire should, in addition to this, have several more characteristics that only a true leader can have, and they will speak up  for him. Otherwise, this person will fail, because it is difficult to be a leader. In business practice, after a lapse of time, studies and history have shown that any person can become a leader. But even here the simple desire to become it was not enough, for it still required the desire to learn and develop the abilities that help in leadership. This desire must be based on a strong desire and true hunger for success. Leadership definition essay example 3 A leader is a person who built himself, that is, self-made. Writing a sample of short paper about leadership is difficult. Being a leader will not teach anywhere to become a leader, you do not need to finish institutes or courses. Leaders simply become, if you have a desire, someone who has noticed it, encourages you, gives you the possibility of self-realization. Therefore, you will be able to realize your abilities. .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 , .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .postImageUrl , .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 , .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:hover , .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:visited , .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:active { border:0!important; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:active , .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616 .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0b3740e1dd8fc01a503b58b64ea71616:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Unlike Einstein's EssayTo more clearly understand the functions of the leader, below we will give you a few notes, which simply should be completed by every person who wants to become a leader. There are no ideal people, and no one is beautiful! All the same, leaders are born, this fact is simply undeniable. All people, even though they were born, they have a basis for self-improvement the brain. Even if we were not born leaders, each of us has the opportunity to become one, for this, it is simply necessary to develop in each of us our feelings and features of the leader, because they are available to every person, except a very small percentage. To develop these traits in oneself, a person needs to analyze each leader, to whom he is not indifferent; whom he considers his idol regarding efficiency and success. And in all his actions and decisions imitate him, but to imitate, too, is necessary with the mind. Leadership definition essay example 4 What qualities do a real deader have? Agree, even with simple enthusiasm; a person can reach unprecedented heights. This is the first necessary feature for the development of leadership skills in a person. To generate enthusiasm, first of all, it is necessary to find a thing or an area from which a person comes to delight, in which this person would like to achieve unprecedented success. Often, in the practice of developing enthusiasm, perseverance is necessary. There are a lot of examples when a person with a fire in the eyes and soul starts a business, takes it with high hopes, but with a first unsuccessful experience quickly and without hesitation refuses. This person cannot be a leader, because his enthusiasm is fake, not sincere. The real enthusiasm that is typical of a true leader is quiet and unattractive, because this feeling is present in him, and he does not boast of it. Simple mottoes for finding and defining enthusiasm in you: I can do it! I can do it! Only, in this case, a person can achieve the set goals. If a person feels that the work he is doing is simple for him, he tries to do everything possible to make this work acquire a different character for him, and interest has appeared. Then he will have an interest; only, in this case, he will be able to achieve success in this field and become a leader of the region, which may quench his hunger for leadership. And if not, then this is a man with big ambitions, and he is capable of much.

A Comparison of Jamaican and American Political Economies essays

A Comparison of Jamaican and American Political Economies essays As an introduction to this paper I have compiled a series of facts on the island and the culture of the people of Jamaica. The questions asked on the economy of the island will then be answered. Discovered by Christopher Columbus, Jamaica is one of the three islands in the Northern Caribbean forming the Greater Antilles. It is the largest English-speaking country in the Caribbean Sea, stretching one hundred and forty six (146) miles from East to West. It lies five hundred and fifty (550) miles North of the Panama Canal and seven hundred (700) miles South of Miami. The capital and the largest city of the island is Kingston. The countrys name is derived from an Aarawak (aboriginal Indian) word xaymaca, meaning land of wood and water. And so it is with waterfalls and springs, rivers and streams flowing from the forest-clad mountains to the fertile plains, Jamaica has one of the richest and most varied landscapes in the region. Jamaicas most important export crop is sugarcane, from which rum and molasses are also made. The nations other agricultural exports include the famed Blue Mountain coffee, bananas, citrus fruits, ginger, cocoa, pimento, and tobacco. Mining is a major source of wealth; since large, easily accessible deposits of bauxite were discovered in 1942, Jamaica has become one of the worlds leading suppliers of this ore. Bauxite accounts for almost half of Jamaicas foreign exchange. Tourism is the biggest earner of foreign exchange. Among Jamaicas international known resort areas are Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, and Negril. Jamaicas other industries include (mainly concentrated in the Kingston area) include oil refining, sugar and tobacco processing, flour milling, and the production of chemicals, cement, textiles and processed foods. Since the late 1960s this industry has generated a greater share of the national income than agriculture. The Un...

Definitions and Examples of Merisms in Rhetoric

Definitions and Examples of Merisms in Rhetoric Merism (from the Greek, divided) is a  rhetorical term for a pair of contrasting words or phrases (such as near and far, body and soul, life and death) used to express totality or completeness. Merism may be regarded as a type of synecdoche  in which the parts of a subject are used to describe the whole. Adjective: meristic. Also known as a universalizing doublet and merismus. A series of merisms can be found in marriage vows: for better for worse, for richer for poorer, in sickness and in health. English biologist William Bateson adopted the term merism to characterize the phenomenon of Repetition of Parts, generally occurring in such a way as to form a Symmetry or Pattern, [which] comes near to being a universal character of the bodies of living things (Materials for the Study of Variation, 1894). British linguist John Lyons used the term complementary to describe a similar verbal device: a dichotomized pair that conveys the concept of a whole. Examples and Observations There is a working class- strong and happy- among both rich and poor; there is an idle class- weak, wicked, and miserable- among both rich and poor. (John Ruskin, The Crown of Wild Olive, 1866)Young lions and pumas are marked with feeble stripes or rows of spots, and as many allied species both young and old are similarly marked, no believer in evolution will doubt that the progenitor of the lion and puma was a striped animal. (Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, 1871)Most people, including most academics, are confusing mixtures. They are moral and immoral, kind and cruel, smart and stupid- yes, academics are often smart and stupid, and this may not be sufficiently recognized by the laity. (Richard A. Posner, Public Intellectuals: A Study of Decline. Harvard University Press, 2001)[Sir Rowland Hill] introduced the Penny Postage . . .. This introduced the concept where the sender of a letter was responsible for paying for it, and this would be a nation al service from John O’Groats to Lands End. (Peter Douglas Osborn, The Birmingham Murder Most Foul That Left Its Stamp on History. Birmingham Post, September 28, 2014) Words for Words Sake Merism, ladies and gentlemen, often looks like antithesis, but its different. Merism is when you dont say what youre talking about, and instead name all of its parts. Ladies and gentlemen, for example, is a merism for people, because all people are either ladies or gentlemen. The beauty of merism is that its absolutely unnecessary. Its words for words sake: a gushing torrent of invention filled with noun and noun signifying nothing. (Mark Forsyth, The Elements of Eloquence: How to Turn the Perfect English Phrase. Icon Books, 2013) Merism in the Bible It may very well be that the Bible, as organized, functions as a merism, beginning in Genesis with Eden lost and ending in Revelation with the New Jerusalem gained, these two referring to the entirety of human history and representing the Alpha and Omega (Rev. 21.6) of Gods sovereignty. Revelation 11.17 extends merism to the triadic one who is, was, and is coming. Finally, while it may be to stretch a point, it might be said that the Old Testament and the New Testament form a merism that represent all of Gods word and the Bible as totality. (Jeanie C. Crain, Reading the Bible as Literature: An Introduction. Polity Press, 2010) Here and There, Now and Then Personal now refers to the moment of utterance (or to some period of time which contains the moment of utterance). The complementary demonstrative adverbs there and then are negatively defined in relation to here and now: there means not-here and then means not-now. (John Lyons, Linguistic Semantics: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press, 1995)

Corruption in South Africa Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corruption in South Africa - Assignment Example This insinuates that South African companies are much corrupts than 13 other large economies globally as their bribery likelihood is three times 13 big economies all over the world. Therefore corruption in South Africa has entered a level that is very cumbersome to withdraw from as corruption cases affect both the private and the public sectors (Britten. 2006. Pg 323). There are many types of corruption cases experienced today in the world. Therefore corruption is divided into six major sections. These sections include; systematic, sporadic, political, grand, and petty as well as legal and moral corruption. This document captures the political and bureaucratic types of corruption which are very popular in South Africa. Political corruption is associated with grand corruption as it involves large sums of money and national wealth lost as a result of corruption. This type of corruption involves the public and private sectors whereby a public property of funds generated by the government through taxes is illegitimately converted into sequestered-regarding payoffs. This type of corruption is commonly practice by political leaders who hold various ministerial posts in the government and the juniors who act as agents in the corruption process. It is also attributed to top civil service officials who use public funds to satisfy their own desires. The misuse of public funds is common in the South Africa national corruption cases. Most media houses highlight various corruption allegations related to the misuse of public funds by top government officials. On the 21st of February 2013, News24 newspaper had headlines that showed the conviction of 1000 people over allegations of housing fraud. The headlines st ated ‘1000 officials convicted of housing fraud’ (2013. Pg13). President Jacob Zuma has also had his fair share of corruption allegations. He was accused of using government money to upgrade his home. The telegraph newspaper had major highlights

Role of a Student Nurse in Higher Education and Future Healthcare Essay

Role of a Student Nurse in Higher Education and Future Healthcare - Essay Example As the discussion declares  there is a need to change the nursing practice in the transformation of the health care system. Nurses find themselves in providing care to people from diverse cultures. In addition, technological advancements in the medical field present new treatment approaches.  From the report it is clear that  the current transformation of Health Care demands that nurses take up more roles and responsibilities in the society. For example, nurses are required to develop their leadership skills to advocate for improved services. Nurses are also required to collaborate with other medical practitioners in the provision of quality care. Currently, nurses have been engaged in many changes. For example in 2010, the NHS England engaged nurses and other practitioners in the development of a new approach to patient care. The collaboration involved 269 groups of nurses together with other practitioners, who provided recommendations on how to bring care closer to the people in the society according to NHS England. The NHS England has recommended several approaches to care to bridge the gap between cheap and affordable care in the society.  Nurses in their professional careers are required to be committed to their role in providing care and ensuring the well-being of patients. The value of competence requires professional nurses to be up to date with knowledge and understanding of the needs of the patients.

Managing Organisational Change And Affect An Organisation Business Essay

Managing Organisational Change And Affect An Organisation Business Essay Introduction: Todays business environment produces change in the workplace more suddenly and frequently than ever before. Mergers, acquisitions, new technology, restructuring and downsizing are all factors that contribute to a growing climate of uncertainty. Jobs, health, even marriages can be placed at risk, jeopardizing productivity and profitability. Specially in last five years many businesses has seen unpredictable changes, which have lead them to many possible worst or good outcome, like sell-out, closing down the business or cutting down the staff, low productivity etc. For some businesses changes have been positive and growth and success has been achieved. In this task one we will look at three organizations namely Santander, Pound land and Car phone warehouse. Objectives: Main objective of the task 1 is to study the changes those have been taken place in above named three companies. Secondary study the current position of these organizations in the current market and thirdly outline the positive and negative outcomes of changes. From: Marketing Consultant To: Board of Directors Date:- Subject: Changes in Last years and Outcome of those Changes 1. Santander Nature of Business Current position: The Santander Group is the fourth largest bank in the world by profits and eighth by stock market capitalization. Santander is one of the worlds biggest retail and commercial bank, based in Spain, with operations in more than 40 countries. Founded in 1857, Santander had EUR 1,168 billion in managed funds at the end of 2008. Santander is the largest financial group in Spain and Latin America, with leading positions in the UK and Portugal and broad presence in Europe through its Santander Consumer Finance arm. In year 2008 Santander registered EUR 8,876 million in net attributable profit, an increase of 9% from previous year excluding capital gain. Its vision is to consolidate itself as a large international financial group, which provides an increasingly high return to its shareholders and meets the financial needs of its customers. In order to achieve this, it combines strong presence in local markets with corporate policies and global capacities . To achieve its vision Santander has gone through many changes mainly mergers and acquisition. http://www.santander.com/csgs/Satellite?pagename=SANCorporativo/GSDistribuidora/SC_Index Changes in five years: Over the five years Santander has done many mergers and acquisitions in UK. In UK before 2004 Santander group has very less presence. So in 2004 they acquired deal with Abbey. In September 2008, Santander acquired Bradford and Bingleys saving and branch network and in October 2008 they acquired Alliance and Leicester. Both acquisitions were part of their growth strategy in UK and their goal to become the best commercial bank in the UK. By doing so now Santander has more than 1000 branches all over the country for its customers and more and effective banking products to get advantage over its customers. http://www.aboutsantander.co.uk/csgs/Satellite?pagename=AboutAbbey/GSDistribuidora/PAAI_home Positive Outcome: When an organization undergo any changes there are quite possibility of positive and negative outcome. There are so many positive out-comes for Santander in UK, which are mentioned below:  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Strong banking presence in UK  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  More than 1000 branches and 4500 cash machines  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  25 million customer base  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Benefits for customer improved products and it has created customer friendly environment in UK banking environment  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  It has become third largest deposit taker and second largest mortgage lender in the UK. Negative Outcome: Still now there are not many negative out-come for Santander in UK market but we can say economic condition is still improving and Santander has to go long way in UK market cause they are facing stiff competition from the banks like Barclays, Lloyds TSB, HSBC etc. As a group Santander has become very complex in size. Pound land: Nature of Business and Current position: Pound land was established in April 1990, with funds provided by the multi-million pound sale of an international wholesaling business. Pound lands retailing concepts is extremely simple: a range of more than 3000 items, each offered for sale at only  £1 each representing amazing value for money. They opened first store in Octagon Centre, Burton-upon-Trent in December 1990, followed by new stores in High street, Meadow hall and other quality trading locations. Since then Pound land has 233 stores in UK with 3500 employees. Pound land operates in a Retail Sector, where it provides tough competition to its competitors. Pound land provides all the home related products from chocolate, biscuits, major drinks like coke, Pepsi. They also provide Stationery, toys and other kitchen and bathroom related equipments. Pound lands biggest sale advantage is their price consistency across all products. While other retailers must decide upon the price of e ach individual product and have this clearly displayed to their customers, pound land may simply move stock onto its shelves from their warehouses, so customers know how much a product cost. Change took place and Outcome: In last five years major change has taken place in pound land, internally and externally. When VAT was introduced, in November 2008 to 15%, Pound lands prices remained fixed at  £1m, it is because they kept the price point of  £1 for 18 years and during that time they have cut down on duty and suppliers cost. They said they will pass the saving on customers. Other external change was its competitors. There are not much competition for Pound land apart from small shops and 99p store ltd. http://www.poundland.co.uk/corporate-information/ Car-phone Warehouse: Nature of the Business and current position: The Car Phone warehouse Group was founded in 1989 by Charles Dun stone as a UK mobile phone retailer, in the following eight years, the business grew organically and opened its first branches elsewhere in Western Europe in 1996, the business supplemented this organic growth with a series of acquisition both in the UK and Western Europe and now has a portfolio of 2453 stores across nine European countries of which 2231 are owned and 222 are franchised. Car phone Warehouse provides large number of mobile pay as you go and pay monthly phones, it also provides laptop and broadband and other accessories. Over the years it has developed many contracts with mobile phone providers such as Virgin Mobile, T Mobile, 3 Mobile, O2, Vodafone, Orange etc. Car phone Warehouse believes in Wireless world and By March 2010 40 to 50 wireless stores are planned, including mix of new stores. Car phone Warehouse has enjoyed its success in last 10 years because o f their sales strategy and customer service. Changes and Outcome: In last 5 years CPW has gone through many changes one of them is Virgin Mobile France, In April 2006, Virgin Mobile France was launched as a joint venture between the Car phone Warehouse Group and Virgin Group. On 14 December 2009, Virgin Mobile France completed the acquisition of Tele 2, consolidating its position as Frances largest MVNO and fourth largest mobile operator in France, with 1.7 million customers. Other changes were because of economic condition, where in last three years market growth is slow, customers has become very choosy about the product and money minded. Still the outcome is positive for the CPW, it is one of the highest mobile sellers in Europe, It has wide range of customers all across Europe, the profit margins has been gone up since 2007. The Brand itself has become very popular. http://www.cpwplc.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=123964p=irol-home Conclusion: In last five years above companies have gone through many management or organizational changes. Organizations like Santander and Car phone Warehouse has seen many positives and negative outcomes, and small organization like Pound land has also seen market changes in current economic climate but overall its beneficial for the all the companies. Task 2:- Bureaucratic Organizations Introduction: Crozier (1964, p 187) suggests that A bureaucratic organization is an organization that can not correct its behaviors by learning from its errors. Normally Bureaucratic organizations are those government agencies, where work needs be done from department to departments. But today bureaucratic organizations are really big organizations where they are very complex in size, their hierarchy is really complicated, have unhappy employees etc. In this Task 2, two bureaucratic organizations IKEA and Virgin Group will be studied; over last many years what changes have been taken place and how these big companies have handled those changes? Objectives: In task 2, Current positioning and How bureaucratic organizations like IKEA and Virgin Group performs, their strengths and weaknesses, changes which has been taken place, how the changes has been taken place and whether they were beneficial or not will be studied. From: Marketing Consultant To: Board of Directors Date:- Subject: Bureaucratic Organizations IKEA and Virgin Group 1) IKEA (Efficiency through which IKEA run) Over the last sixty years IKEA offers wide range of furniture to its customers. IKEA is a bureaucratic organization with offices and store in more than 25 countries. The IKEA story began in 1943 in the small village of Agunnaryd in Sweden, when founder Ingvar Kamprad was Just 17. Since then, the IKEA group has grown into a major retail experience with 123,000 co-workers in 25 countries generating annual sales of more than 21.5 billion euros. To maintain the big brand name it has also got the big work force different areas of businesses. It has 13800 people working in purchasing, distribution and wholesale range while 15000 and 94200 workers working in Swedwood and retail area respectively. It has also got very systematic distribution chain. It has 28 distribution centers and 11 customer distribution centers in 16 countries. Impact on environment and reaction to change: Over the six decades IKEA has gone though many organizational changes like business expansion in many new markets like USA, China, and Whole Europe etc. It has also developed many different products to sustained market growth and customer satisfaction. It operates in wide range of products comprises from Living room furniture to textiles. It has also got various other sections like bedroom, kitchen and childrens IKEA, which actually gives them the edge over their competitors. It has also started to operate in franchise system. Firstly to understand the working efficiency of big organizations it is must to understand the mission statement of that organization. A mission statement may be a phrase, sentence, or document which attempts to sum up a companys corporate goals (long-term), in a way in which it may create a common purpose for all the stakeholders for the business. To date, IKEAs vision statement is: to create a better everyday life for the many people. Whilst its business idea, as stated by the IKEA group website is to offer a wide range of well-designed, functional, home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible can afford them. For the employees and managers of IKEA, the mission statement aims to motivate and inspire the staff as one, in order to achieve other financial goals and aims. Strength and Weaknesses IKEAs strength is given below:  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  A strong global brand  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  A clear vision  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Strong concept  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Democratic design (the equal balance of function, quality, design and price) IKEAs weaknesses are given below:  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The size and scale of its business  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The demand for low-cost products  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The need to keep the public and IKEA stakeholders well informed about its environmental activities.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Cultural change The first weakness for a bureaucratic organization is the size and scale of its business. IKEA is a large organization, so it is difficult to maintain and keep track of its global activities and it will make difficult to handle its operations. As IKEA is offering low cost, good quality furniture to its customers it is really difficult to maintain low cost against quality. http://www.ikea.com/ms/en_US/about_ikea/facts_and_figures/about_ikea_group/index.html 2) Virgin Group (Efficiency through which it operates): Virgin is a leading branded venture capital organization and is one of the worlds most recognized and respected brands. Conceived in 1970 by Sir Richard Branson, the Virgin Group has gone on to grow very successful businesses in sectors ranging from mobile telephone to transportation, travel, financial services, media, music and fitness. As a group Virgin has created more than 300 branded companies worldwide, employing approximately 50,000 people, in 30 countries. It has its revenues in 2009 exceeded  £11.5 billion. Virgin believes in making a difference. Virgin stands for value for money, quality, innovation, fun and a sense of competitive challenge. Impact on their environment: Virgin has always considered themselves to be a responsible business, and whilst taking environmental and social pressures of world. Virgins mission statement which can be seen in their growth is Looked for new, innovative ways to do business by offering consumers another way, a better way, and by being willing to fight their corner. In starting years whenever Virgin has started its new business, it had gone through really tough time but effective strategic management it has grown from one Office Company to group. One of the single most influence behind the company success is its founder Sir Richard Branson, his strategic decisions, long vision, forward thinking and risk taking ability had enable virgin to achieve the height of success they are enjoying now. How they react to changes: Virgin has very straight forward working pattern, their hierarchy is really simple, and they operate their businesses around their customer needs. When Virgin opened Virgin Atlantic they had very stiff competition from British Airways and other American airline companies. It had also seen very stiff competition in music industry. The strategy virgin has adopted over the year is known as strategy of unrelated diversification entering in to the new market. In Virgin Control was distributed in to the different divisions to gain effective organization. Virgin Strength and Weaknesses a. Price: Price is the main factor in Virgins success as a group, Virgin has always try to provide quality and good customer service at lower price or if they charge high for any product they keep their promises for their products b. Brand: As mentioned above Sir Richard Brandson is the big brand by himself and he had put lots of efforts to develop Virgin brand from jumping from the roof of American building to balloon flight across the Atlantic. c. Customer Service: As Virgin is operating in many industry and different products, customer service is the main strength of Virgin, as they tends to give all products under one roof service options to its customer. d. Democratic Design: As mentioned earlier Virgin has very simple operating structure, so it helps in quick decision making. And its avoid miscommunication. Weaknesses: Every big organization has one big weakness; it is their size so it is very difficult to maintain the balance between different departments. Secondly so many products, which virgin offers are bound to create misunderstanding among its customers. Thirdly the cultural change is the another weakness in the case of Virgin as its operates businesses in so many countries and it has 50000 employees over many countries, Virgin has to manage right culture mix approach, if they fail to do so, it will lead them to big problem in future. http://www.virgin.com/about-us/ Conclusion: Bureaucratic organizations are really complicated and there were many changes in IKEA and Virgin Group, but they have good hierarchy and management in place to handle those changes. They have enjoyed good current positioning in the market. Specially, because of current economic meltdown Virgin Airlines did go through tough time but as it got support from other virgin group companies, Virgin Airlines survive in the market. So these are the strengths and weaknesses of IKEA and Virgin Group companies. Task 3: Introduction: It is not the strongest of the species that survives, or the most intelligent that survives, it is the most adaptable to change Charles Darwn (1809-1882). Major organizational change should be avoided at all cost; it sucks up time, energy and emotion, distracts your main purpose, disrupts operations, annoys your people, undermines morale and rarely delivers the promised benefits. And if organization can adopt the change very quickly and efficiently they can surely taste the growth in near future. In Task 3, comparison between two organizations one from task 1 and one from task two will be given. Objectives: Objectives of task three: Understanding of Fordism concept Learn New and Better Methods of Managements Comparison between two organizations. From: Marketing Consultant To: Board of Directors Date:- Subject: Fordism concept and new management techniques with comparison Fordism Concept and Importance: Frodism, named after Henry Ford, refers to various social theories about production and related socio-economic phenomena. Berman (1982, p21) suggest that The essential meaning is that the worker must be paid higher wages in order to afford the products that the industrialist himself produces, causing an economy that runs full circle. Fordism was specifically modern modes of organizing labour which immediately suggest that this is all it was. Fordism concept, that is valuable for any organization because of its meaningful characteristics. Higher productivity is the main philosophy of manufacturing by doing standardizing the output, using conveyor assembly lines and breaking work into small de-skilled tasks. Taylorism seeks machine and worker efficiency, while fordism seeks to combine them as one unit. Now there is comparison between two organizations each one from task 1 and task 2. Organizational Development: According to Cummings and Worley Organizational development are both a professional field of social action and an area of scientific inquiry. The OD Covers wide spectrum of activities with seemingly endless variations upon them. Organization development refers to a long range effort to improve an organizations problem solving capabilities and its ability to cope with changes in its external environment with the help of external or internal behavioral scientist consultants, of change agents, as they are sometimes called. Globalization, cultural change, system change and employee play an important role in organizational development. Apart from internal stakeholders and systems, external stakeholders like customers, shareholders and suppliers also play an important role in OD. Below we will discuss the comparison between two organizations and its development. Comparison between IKEA and Santander: As we have seen in the case of IKEA, it is a big organization with many offices and stores across the world. They need to go through changes very frequently compare to Santander which is banking sector company. During the change process people, structure, size, leadership, strategies etc. are most important factors which need to be taken care of by organization. While doing change organizations must consult their employee and let them know in advance the future changes those are going to be happening in the organization. So they are ready to accept the changes. While any organizations main assets are its products and people. Stakeholders also play an important role in management change or organizational change. Now a days people have become more net savvy and they do most of the shopping on line or even they can book their holidays online. So internet has become fastest way of medium to serve the clients in fastest way. While every organization is investing millions of dollars or pounds in creating e shop for their customers they are also investing lots of money to train their employee and to help them to improve their skills and techniques to use improved system. There are so many factors which play important part in organizational development and change: direction, purposeful leadership, alignment of purpose and value and porters five forces. Operations are in the bank are very wide, from customer services to back office operations and to do the work efficiently, most of the banks used electronic equipment and system to cope with the future demands. For an example as we have seen Santander is a one of the big bank in Europe and to manage their operations they are spending lots of money in banking system and website development. When a customer wants to open bank account they physically need not to go in to the bank, they can just click few buttons on their computer and they will be able to open bank account, they can transfer funds between their accounts, even they can pay their bills online as well. So this way Santander is enjoying luxury of reaching the people indirectly through its website. While other banking system they use for their employees is internal system where they can store each and every data of every customer transaction. To use the system they need to train their employee how to use the system etc. Multi national companies needs to also look after cultural changes in their respective offices. As a bank it has merged with many other financial institutions in other countries. So merger is also one the better organizational management methods. While as a bureaucratic organization IKEA is more sensitive towards the changes, they need to face many changes all the time cause every time they need to develop new products, develop new markets etc. Cultural change is the major issue in the bureaucratic organization compare to domestic organization or small organization. Because they are producing furniture and when they do so they need look after its customers needs and believes while making so. Organizational changes are also depends on competition of the particular industry. As in the furniture industry, there tends to be major changes every year and competition is likely to be very high and to survive in the industry employee management, efficient leadership, System changes, Cultural changes etc. are really important. Conclusion: At the end of the day all organization runs its business to give excellent customer service to its customer and end motto is to earn profit and stabilization in current economic climate. As we have seen in above comparison, customer service is the main factor all organizations work for and they are ready to go through all the changes to achieve its goal. System change, culture change, people change are the main changes which are occur very often. Task 4: Introduction: In task 4 we will see various change models available for organization and comparison between conventional sales and internet sales. There are total six change management models available for its businesses. And businesses can use it to adopt the changes. Objectives: In task 4 main objectives will be: Study various change models, Comparison between conventional sales and internet sales, presentation. From: Marketing Consultant To: Board of Directors Date:- Subject: Change management Models Change management Models: MODEL 1: 4-D, Desire, Dream, Discovery, Deliver MODEL 2: Lewiss theory of change, now a day there is hardly any organization which has not affected with change yet, as he argued that there are 3 different stages of change which can change the whole structure of any organization. Unfreeze: Change: Refreeze: MODEL 3: John Katters Change Model, establish a sense Create Develop a of urgency coalition clear vision Empower Share the people to vision clear obstacles Anchor the Consolidate and 8. Secure short- change keep moving term wins MODEL 5: Better future for all Analyze Understand needs, processes structures and foresee resistance Cyclical Process Framework (CFAN) Change at Team Change at Individual Levels System Level Nurture Establish a framework that sustains Monitor the change Communicate Make the change Goals visible to all Exploring and creating meaning Coach and Mentor Help individuals to master change Review Design new structures, processes Facilities etc. MODEL 6: Mckinleys 7-S Model: that includes Shared value, Strategy, Structure, Systems, Style, Staff, Skills Internet sale and Conventional Sale: In current market conventional sale has been taken over by internet sale. Most of the organizations have started their online sale activities through their websites. Internet has offered an exceptional platform for marketers to promote their products and services. The multiple benefits have made internet sale more productive tool as compare to traditional sale and sales methods. Because of the change in sale environment lots of organizations have gone through many changes, changes like system, employee behavior, hierarchy etc. Many well established organizations are spending millions of pounds for their internet activities. Compare to traditional sale and sales techniques, online or internet sale has many benefits. It has proven to be an effective platform from which almost every company is benefiting and it is supporting them to strengthen their relationship with their globally dispersed consumers. Benefits and Challenges: Internet sale has so many advantages: it is quick, easy, and cheaper and its even beneficial for smaller organizations. Though there are many benefits still there are some challenges with internet sale, Challenges like:  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Very fast advancement means people have to really spend a lot of time researching and keeping up to date with the latest trends and methods.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Sometimes the data can be misleading. While Conventional Sale costly technique compare to internet sale, Conventional marketing is not quick. There are many stages through which sales have been made. Its a customer facing role where employees are elected to do sales activities. Plus transportation is the main disadvantage in conventional sales. Because in conventional sale goods need to be transported from ware house to different stores while in online sales goods can be directly reached to its customers. Pound-land and IKEA: IKEA has gone through many changes in recent time, mainly in their sales activities. They have many different stores across the world, still they do online sales. They provide all the product information online which allows their customers to check the product online and if customers want to buy it they can buy it online as well. It allows IKEA to save the time, cost and transportation expenses. While Pound-land still doing conventional sales, their products are very cheap and wide range of products still they havent started any major online activities. They have developed their websites but they are not in to online marketing and sales process. When implementing changes now a days internet plays an important role, it also creates job opportunities. Conclusion: In a conclusion it is clear that in every organization there is need of a change and it is very beneficial for any organization to have a change in the company or organization as it is above mentioned that there are more models of change , but again its depends on the situation that how we can get this change being in mind the current position of the company, as there are lots of change going in IKEA and best change model for them is the Mckinleys 7-s Model cause it covers most of the stock holders and customer values. For Pound land as it has not started its online activities, 4 D model is suitable for them as they have to dream and desire about reaching more customers through various ways. Task 5 Change Management: Change management entails thoughtful planning and sensitive implementation, and above all consultation with, and involvement of, the people affected by the changes. The only person who likes Change is a wet baby! A wet baby is aware of the imperfections of its current situation and will cry and scream until a Change is brought about. This analogy is a simple one, but it does contain a core of truth. If your Target audience is dissatisfied with their Status Quo, they will be willing to Change to something-else.  Resistance isnt an indication that something is wrong with what you are trying to change. It is an indication that something is happening. It is a good sign. Another aspect is culture. Culture changes will e a bigger project than the original change. There are three options: change the change, change the culture or prepare to fail. What is their Vision of the Future? Where would they like to be in 1 year, 5 years? Can they define what they would like their future Status Quo to look like? The better they can define it, the more detail they can describe, the more tangible it becomes. What can they do to achieve it? How can they become involved in their vision? What can they do to move towards it? Surprisingly enough, they have answers to these questions. And those answers can become a plan of action if we let them. What commitment will they invest? Change is never easy What will they contribute to get to the future theyve described? If the answer to the question Whats in it for me? is satisfactory to them theyll be willing to contribute more than we expect. What do they need from you? Staff needs management support. This is what is meant by the phrase Top down Support and it is crucial to successful Change. IF top management does NOT believe in the Change, then it becomes very difficult to achieve not impossible, just needlessly difficult. Before going to the troops with a Change, make sure the political battles in the upper ranks have been resolved. When will their Transition Plan be ready? Set a date for the completion of the Change. Nothing happens without a deadline. Deadlines, especially deadlines offered voluntarily, with eyes open, become a commitment.   What will NOT Change? Very important People need to know what parts of the old Status Quo will remain. Even if it is only small things which will remain constant, dont underestimate their value. At pound land system implementation is easy compare to bureaucratic organization like IKEA. Cause in bureaucratic organization, employees have less trust in the organization. Trust plays an important role in change management. Secondly strong top management involvement required while doing changes or going through changes. Motivation factor plays an important role in processes; every one needs to be motivated while implementing changes. Task 6: When going through different processes of change management it is must to involve all stakeholders because they are the back bone of organization. When implementing new system in to any organization it is really important to involve all stakeholders of the organizations. Stake holders include various people an

Discuss the view that Tony Lumpkin is nothing more than a comic country bumpkin

Traditionally the pastoral genre celebrates the virtues of simple, unsophisticated life far from the city or court, in which the population is stereotyped as unintelligent and fatuitous. Tony is characterised as jovial and carefree through language and form. He is uninhibited and is interested in ‘fun going forward’ without being diverted by any sense of commitment, ‘mother, I cannot stay’, which mirrors the unpredictability of nature and country. Through characterisation, Goldsmith uses Tony’s character as a symbol for the simple, idyllic country life where drinking, enjoyment and singing are paramount. Although Goldsmith challenges this stereotype of the rural population through the character of Tony throughout She Stoops to Conquer and subsequently illuminates the theme of opinion vs. reality. Goldsmith’s nominalisation of Tony Lumpkin initially presents his character as stereotypic of a simple country dweller. ‘Lumpkin’ could be a subtle indication of Tony’s figure. Lump’ suggests that Tony is a stout man, which reflects his uninhibited lifestyle lead in the country; relaxing and singing songs in the Three Pigeons, ‘toroddle, toroddle, toroll’. This mirrors Third Century idealised pastoral life in which shepherds and shepherdesses enjoyed a life of blissful ease, thus presenting Tony as an unsophisticated character who lacks the refinement of a man of the town ‘br ed a scholar’. Moreover, Lumpkin is similar to the word ‘bumpkin’ which is a derogatory term for a simple rustic, further implying Tony’s lack of grace. Goldsmith enhances this depiction of Tony’s carefree lifestyle through the setting of the alehouse. ‘Several shabby fellows’ are identified in this setting which reflects the lower social class facet of society which Tony associates with, the adjective ‘shabby’ suggests that this is a relatively impoverished group of local country dwellers who, like Tony, are content with drinking ‘punch’ and smoking ‘tobacco’. The song sung in said alehouse by Tony perpetuates the fact that he lives the unprosperous life of a country bumpkin. The words ‘nonsense’ and ‘learning’ are juxtaposed in the lyrics to show Tony is uninterested in education, and furthermore that he is a lazy and unambitious character; which is how country folk are presented to behave in the pastoral genre. Nonetheless, Goldsmith establishes Tony’s character as much more than this, as he is able to deceive the town folk into believing Hardcastle’s home is ‘an inn. ’ Tony’s deception is also rather profound as he diverts Marlow and Hastings from the ‘long, dark, boggy’ road which they intended to travel. The numerous adjectives listed shows Tony as a rather manipulative character with more intelligence than was first shown, which is an anti-pastoral presentation of Tony considering country folk were thought to be kind and welcoming. Through this Goldsmith challenges the stereotypes of the country, as Tony, a supposed country bumpkin is able to mislead the town folk with supposed ‘excellent understanding’. This farce encompasses the themes of appearances and stereotypes into the plot and undermines the simplicity of Tony’s character. Goldsmith parallels Tony with the servants and doric characters like Diggory, which the country hosts. The poor grammar of Diggory, ‘parfectly unpossible’, shows his low levels of intellect; supposedly as a result of rustic life. Goldsmith uses Tony’s language and dialect to show his similarly plain and simple life in the country. Goldsmith incorporates malapropisms into Tony’s speech which shows his limited intellect. He frequently confuses ‘genius’ with ‘genus’, which creates a humorous irony since the very word he is using incorrectly, he has used to describe himself, shown through the personal pronoun ‘my genus. ’ This creates comedy as well as reflecting to the audience Tony’s simplicity. Furthermore, Goldsmith utilises the word ‘ecod’ in Tony’s speech, which was 18th century jargon used to express mild surprise, meaning ‘oh God. ’ However Tony’s speech often encompasses this word even in situations which are not surprising or exciting, this suggests that Tony’s life in the country is lacking vivacity and therefore he must find excitement in the most sullen situations, which seldom occupy the life of a ‘bumpkin’. However, Tony often provides witty remarks which entertain the audience but also contradict the interpretation that Tony is just a ‘bumpkin. When acting as witness for the theft of Mrs Hardcastle’s ‘bobs’, Tony says ‘I’ll say I saw them taken out with my own eyes’, which is comically ironic since he ‘got them’ himself and therefore actually did see them ‘taken out’. The dramatic irony of the situation relays to the audience the c omedy and wit of Tony’s conversation. Contrarily, Mrs Hardcastle remains ignorant to the whole ruse, contrasting Tony’s aptitude for the situation, which presents him as superior and separate from the ignorance of the other country dwellers. Goldsmith embellishes this subtle superior presentation of Tony through the utilisation of stage directions. At the alehouse Tony is seated ‘a little higher than the rest’, which presents him as having relative authority over the other ‘fellows’. Furthermore, his song creates a harmony within the group and unites the men, which Goldsmith shows through the unanimous ‘hurrah’ said by ‘omnes’; Latin for ‘all’. Both devices present Tony as a figure resembling a shepherd, protective of his flock. Despite the pastoral connotations this presentation of Tony shows him to have relative power and authority, separating him from the other doric characters and thus suggesting he is more than a comic country bumpkin. Alternatively, Vicki Janik describes Tony as â€Å"the most ignorant of the country bumpkins†. Through Mrs Hardcastle, Goldsmith reveals that Tony isn’t well educated, ‘I don’t think a boy wants much learning. ’ Tony’s lack of education and structure in life; indulged by his doting mother, has resulted in his ‘consumptive figure’ and his occasional lack of awareness. Goldsmith highlights Tony’s flawed character through Mrs Hardcastle’s deception of ‘concealing (his) age’ so that he may not claim his inheritance. In fact it is revealed Tony has been of age for ‘three months’, the absurdity of the situation ameliorates the comedy as well as augmenting the stupidity of Tony’s character, since he cannot even track his own age; complimenting Janik’s criticism. Moreover, considering that in Georgian England, most country dwellers were uneducated; Tony is clearly an accurate stereotype of a bumpkin. Tony’s lack of education, ‘the ale-house and the stable are the only schools he’ll ever go to’, also reflect Tony’s limited horizons which means he’s confined to his country life without hope of improvement; this is shown through Goldsmith’s use of ‘only’. Tony’s small scope of existence illuminates the simplicity of his life and that of a bumpkin. However, Goldsmith shows that Tony does have some degree of awareness of his situation, as he asks his mother ‘let me have my fortin’, demonstrating that Tony is not contented with his current finance and wishes to pursue his inheritance. This drama is recurring throughout the play which shows Tony’s determination to become financially independent and ‘be made a fool of no longer’ since currently he is only able to go to ‘the alehouse so often’ because he has ‘a key to every drawer’ of his ‘mother’s bureau’. This suggests that Tony is not merely a country bumpkin since he demonstrates a certain greed more commonly associated with the town with their ‘vanity and affectation’, therefore not all the qualities of his character conform to the stereotype of a country bumpkin. Goldsmith uses a cyclical structure to further highlight how Tony is trapped in his unambitious, mundane life. In the final lines of the play, Goldsmith identifies that Tony is ‘his own man again’, the use of the word ‘again’ reflects the lack of development in Tony’s character, nothing has improved in his country life; which could indicate the stability and continuity of the uncorrupted country or alternatively it could illuminate Tony’s lack of ambition for self-improvement to embellish his simple nature. This presentation of Tony as a simple, undeveloped character reaches a climax at the end of the play as Goldsmith contrasts Tony from the country and Marlow from the town. Through stage directions, ‘joining their hands’, Goldsmith shows that Marlow has been able to overcome his ‘trembling’ when talking to ladies of high society, through his romance with Kate, whereas Tony, as afore mentioned, remains the same suggesting he is a country bumpkin unable to develop due to his indulged rural existence. Nonetheless, Goldsmith presents Tony’s character as having a level of moral complexity through his relationship with his cousin, Constance. Tony refers to Constance as cousin Con, the shortened version of her name acts as endearment and the indication to the familial relationship shows how Tony is caring and ‘a good natured creature at bottom’. Furthermore, Tony helps his cousin retrieve her jewels; which are her ‘fortune’, so she may leave with Hastings. Tony quickly agrees to ‘clap a pair of horses to (their) chaise’, in aid. This generosity demonstrated through the plot to retrieve Constance’s jewels implies that Tony’s character may be more complex than originally believed to be. Similarly, Tony clarifies that he ‘want(s) no nearer relationship’ with his cousin and therefore Tony’s acceptance to ‘assist’ Hastings and his proposal to ‘whip (Constance) off to France’ can be interpreted as a selfish, anti-pastoral act to be rid of Constance. The rural population are seen to be welcoming and sympathetic, rather than narcissistic and under-handed which is how Goldsmith characterises Tony through the nature of this plot, which suggests that Tony is in fact the complete polar opposite of a country bumpkin. Despite the comedic trait of Tony’s character being indisputable, seeing as he is usually at the heart of the farce in this play. Throughout She Stoops to Conquer, Goldsmith clearly opposes the stereotypes of the country folk through the character of Tony Lumpkin. Initially, Tony is seemingly rather plain and peaceful; mimetic of the country, but his character develops throughout the play into a more complicated personality, so much more than a country bumpkin.